提到固体理论教科书,Ashcroft & Mermin、Kittel、和Ziman的三本书的上镜率最高了(abc排序,不分先后)。
五一小假,扯扯其中Ziman的Principles of the Physics of Solids。
小插曲:west手上有三本,第一本是读研时一位老前辈赠送的(那时,他手上有多余的。看来很多人手上都不只一本)。线装胶印,年代久远,上面还有某大学物理系图书馆的印章;第二本是在HK无聊时自己扫描的,电子版,图方便;第三本,为了救赎,最近购买的正版。
对这本书的书评实在是太多了,没有一个不说是经典的。我就不废话了,举点实在例子就是了。
当年喜欢上这本书的原因很简单:
一、翻开首页就是一句格言:
"How much better is it to get wisdom than gold. And to get understading rather be choosen than silver."
二、精彩的前言:
"Today's discovery will tomorrow be part of mental furniture of every research worker. By the end of next week it will be in every course of graduate lectures. Within the month there will be a clamour to have it in the undergraduate curriculum. Next year, I do believe, it wil seem so commonplace that it may be assumed to be known by every schoolboy."
当然最经典的一句:"A treatise expounds; a textbook explains."
以及表明写作观点的一句 "It is a book full of ideas, not facts."
三、书中对原理的阐述思路是conceptual understanding on a reasonable mathematical manipulation. 这里reasonble是指数学不用太复杂。
四,Personaly,west对Ziman的一点点好奇
第二版前言最后说
"And lest the reader may feel that absence from Cambridge has been a long period of exile, may I simply add that Bristol, too, is just as good a 'ole to go."
再联想到第一版前言最后提到
"It(指此书)was written in my last two terms, and completed in my lat few weeks, of activce membership of the staff of the Cavendish Laboratory."
这一切,总让人感觉到一丝无法明言的情感的流露,这在学术书籍中是极少见到的。也许背后有什么故事,可惜west还没有查到足够的线索(有了线索再继续扯)。也许只是ziman的个人特质罢了。正如他在数年后的Models of Disorder一书中,对自己物理学家生涯的道别
“I...take the opportunity of a natural break to announce that this is, as far as I am concerned, THE END”
有趣的是,他60年代的这本Theory of Solids讨论的是perfect solids,而最后一本物理著作是disorder。后来ziman关注的是科学与社会更广范畴命题。
好了,举个例子说明这本书如何强调"conceptual understanding"和"ideas":
所有固体理论的教材中,lattice色散关系和electron能带分裂的讨论都是routine中的routine, Ziman特意著文提示读者声学支与光学支在BZ边界的discontinue和电子能带在BZ边界discontinue相似现象。折射出的是实验物理学家(a)所需的敏锐和直觉、能在字里行间中言传这些感觉的,着实是经典。
(a) Ziman的第一篇论文时这样开头的:"Some recent experiments..., "似乎印证他以后研究的调调:experimental physist。